I am asking this because I am not to familiar with Layer 3 Switching. I plan on having a good router, but I dont want communication between the databases and the telephony servers to go through a router. Each of the telephony servers communicate with each other somewhat, and they all communicate with the database. What do you think?

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A layer 3 switch will switch packets faster than a traditional router because the packet switching is done in hardware as opposed to being done in software.
That said, if you have these servers all on the same network/subnet, you don't need either one. Just a fast layer 2 switch.
But if you are going to have to jump between networks/subnetworks where a router would normally be required, a layer 3 switch (a fast one) is the way to go.